7.0 CONCLUSIONS

The amassed evidence that now exists indicates the prehistoric workings on the Great Orme are unprecedented in their complexity, extent and particular artefactual evidence,  placing the site  as one of western Europe's major technological centres from the Bronze Age period.  The  reason for these factors relates  principally to the nature of the ore deposit, which enabled material of a largely rotted and softened  character to be easily removed with the simplest of tools. It is likely that further research at the mine will confirm to some extent what has already been found. However, a number of opportunities do exist to study particular aspects in more detail, perhaps for example concentrating on the recognition of individual phases of mining within the Bronze Age period. Such studies, may also assist with the identification of other periods of mining for which evidence is at present only circumstantial, for example the Roman and Elizabethan periods.

Although prehistoric mining is now well established and understood, many questions remain as to where the worked ore was  distributed, processed and smelted. Some limited work in recognising possible ore processing sites at two well sites (Ffynnon Galchog and Rufeinig) on the headland have been completed, but due to  the disturbed nature of the sites and restricted excavation programmes, further investigations will be required before any firm conclusions can be reached.  The question of smelting sites also needs to be considered, particularly as the large quantities of ore envisaged from the Great Orme would have required an organised system of transportation and a readily available  fuel supply. It seems quite possible that the smelting sites may indeed be some distance away from the mine where water, fuel and a suitable location for distribution was available. Alternatively, but less likely, it may be that the former smelting evidence in the vicinity of the mine has been obliterated by periods of reworking  both during the prehistoric period and subsequent times.  

In addition to the above, studies outside the normal association of mining are required. This could concentrate on the survey and preliminary excavation of known occupational sites of assumed Bronze Age origin, of which there are a  number on the headland.  However, at present none of these or any other field monument have seen any excavation this century and therefore it is not known whether these sites have any particular association with the early mine workings.  There now exists an opportunity to develop these fields of interest. By doing this it will possible to consider the Great Orme on a holistic level within the realms of landscape archaeology, rather than as previously, as a collection of individual  unrelated elements.

Certainly, the quantities of ore raised at the Great Orme could account for a considerable copper reserve for bronze production during the prehistoric period. As more evidence becomes available and research is furthered, the possibility that the Great Orme may have been western Europe's main metal producer in the Bronze Age may need consideration.